Studies have shown that high consumption of ultra-processed foods is linked to several diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions, as well as dementia.
A recent international study found a correlation between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and brain structure.
The study, based on data from the UK Biobank and involving nearly 30,000 middle-aged participants in the UK, was conducted by the O’BRAIN Laboratory at the University of Helsinki. In collaboration with the Montreal Neurological Institute, the lab investigates the relationship between the brain and obesity. This study was published in the medical journal npj Metabolic Health and Disease.
“Our results show that high consumption of ultra-processed foods is associated with structural changes in brain regions that regulate eating behavior—specifically the hypothalamus, the caudate nucleus, and the right caudate nucleus. This may contribute to a cycle of overeating. However, long-term and experimental studies are still needed to strengthen this association,” says Arsen Kanyamibva, a doctoral researcher at the University of Helsinki.
The study found that the link between ultra-processed foods and overeating cannot be explained solely by the inflammation or obesity they may cause. Brain changes may also result from the ingredients, emulsifiers, and other additives used in the preparation of ultra-processed foods. Kanyamibwa suggests that the harmful effects of these foods deserve greater attention—both in individual dietary choices and in food regulation and nutrition policy. However, he notes that not all processed foods need to be avoided.
“Processed plant foods—especially frozen vegetables—can be recommended,” the scientist noted. “Another good example of the benefits of processing is milk pasteurization.
